 |
Adref | Pam Ymgyrchu? | Gwybodaeth | Yr Ymgyrch | .cym? | Gohebiaeth | Terminoleg | Cefnogwyr | Dolenni | Cysylltu |
Home | Why Campaign? | Info | Campaign | .cym? | Correspondence | Terminology | Supporters | Links | Contact |
|
Yr Ymgyrch
Parth lefel uchaf côd wladol i GymruY mae 2 ffordd o sicrhau parth lefel uchaf côd wladol i Gymru ar y rhyngrwyd:
Mae ICANN yn honni nad ydynt yn gallu rhoi parth lefel uchaf (ccTLD) i Gymru gan nad yw hi wedi ei chynnwys yn ISO 3166-1 (er fod eithriadau i'r rheol yma wedi bod yn y gorffenol!) Mae'r ISO yn honni nad ydynt yn gallu cynnwys Cymru yn yr ISO 3166-1 gan nad yw'r CU yn ei derbyn hi fel gwlad annibynol - ond esgusodion yw'r rhain. Os byddai Llywodraeth y DU yn mynnu parth lefel uchaf gan ICANN heddiw, byddai'n cael ei ddarparu yfory. Ond nid yw'r ewyllys da yn bodoli. Felly, mae angen ymgyrchu mewn gwahanol ffyrdd i sicrhau ccTLD i Gymru ar y Rhyngrwyd. ICANN (Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers)Y sefydliad sy'n dyrannu rhifau Rhyngrwyd i enwau yw ICANN. ICANN sydd gyda'r pwer i neulltio parth lefel uchaf côd gwlad i Gymru. Maent, fel arfer, ond yn caniatáu parth lefel uchaf i wledydd annibynol sydd eisioes yn rhan o restr ISO3166 ond nid yw annibyniaeth yn rhaganghenraid i gael parth wladol, ac mae yna nifer o eithriadau. Gan fod Cymru yn endid unigryw amlwg i weddill y DU, a gyda dyfodiad datganoli (a mwy ar y ffordd gobeithio), rydym yn teimlo y dylai Cymru gael ei thrin fel eithriad yn yr un modd a Jersey, Guernsey a Ynys Manaw. Dylwn, felly, roi pwysau uniongyrchol ar ICANN i neulltio parth lefel uchaf côd wladol i Gymru, ac awgrymu .cw. Cysylltwch â ICANN trwy ebost, neu trwy ddefnyddio'r manylion cysylltu isod.. Cyfeiriad:
ICANN Marina del Rey, 4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 330, Marina del Rey,
CA 90292-6601, UDA Cyfeiriad:
ICANN Belg, 6 Rond Point Schuman, Bt. 5, Brwsel B-1040 Gwlad Belg.
Ebost canolog:
icann@icann.org Y LlywodraethByddai ICANN yn edrych llawer mwy ffafriol, pe byddai cefnogaeth Llywodraeth y wlad tu ôl i'r cais. Felly yn ein hachos ni, mae'n Golygu y Cynulliad Cenedlaethol a Llywodraeth y DU.Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru Er nad oes gan y Cynulliad y pwer i orfodi ICANN i neulltio parth lefel uchaf côd wladol i Gymru, y mae ganddi'r pwer i ddylanwadu. Cysylltwch â'ch AC lleol a gofynwch iddi/iddo gefnogi'r ymgyrch drwy gysylltu a ICANN yn uniongyrchol, a thrwy roi pwysau ar Llywodraeth y Cynulliad, Llywodraeth San Steffan, yr ISO a'r BSI i gefnogi'r ymgyrch. Pwyswch ar y ddolen ganlynol am wybodaeth cysylltu eich Aelod Cynulliad chi.. Gwefan: http://www.wales.gov.uk Llywodraeth y DU Os bysai Llywodraeth y DU yn gofyn i ICANN ddyranu parth lefel uchaf i Gymru heddiw, byddai'n cael ei ddarparu yfory. Yn anffodus mae sicrhau cefnogaeth y Llywodraeth Brydeinig yn dasg anodd tu hwnt. Maent wedi bod yn negyddol iawn eu barn yn y gorffenol pan yn delio â galawadau o'r fath o'r Alabn. Y cam cyntaf felly ydy cysylltu gyda'r 40 aelod Seneddol Gymreig, a gofyn am eu cefnogaeth i'r ymgyrch. Pwyswch ar y ddolen yma l i gael manylion cyswllt eich AS. Gwefan: http://www.direct.gov.uk ISO (International Organization for Standardization)Yr ISO yw'r Corff Rhyngwladol sy'n penderfynnu ar yr ôl-ddodiad dwy lythyren gwladol. Os byddai'r ISO yn cynnwys Cymru ar y rhestr côd wladol dwy lythyren, yna byddai gan Gymru achos da i'w rhoi gerbron ICANN (Y sefydliad sy'n dyrannu rhifau Rhyngrwyd i enwau). Danfonwch ebost at ysgrifenyddiaeth yr ISO 3166/MA, neu danfonwch lythyr atynt trwy ddefnyddio'r cyfeiriad isod, yn gofyn am gynnwys ôl-ddodiad gwladol dwy lythyren Gymreig (cw i GYMRU) ar eu rhestr ISO3166 o wledydd. Cyfeiriad:
ISO Central Secretariat, International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), 1, rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20,
Switzerland BSI (British Standards Institute)Y BSI sy'n cynrychioli Prydain (ac felly Cymru) ar yr ISO. Ebostiwch neu ysgrifennwch at Y BSI yn mynnu eu bod yn rhoi pwysau ar yr ISO i gynnwys ôl-ddodiad gwladol dwy lythyren Gymreig (cw i GYMRU) ar eu rhestr ISO3166 o wledydd. Cyfeiriad:
389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL, United Kingdom. Y Cenhedloedd Unedig a'r ISOMae'r ISO yn nodi mae'r unig ffordd o gynnwys gwlad newydd at restr ISO 3166-1 ydy trwy sicrhau ei gofrestru yn un o'r ddwy ffynhonell ganlynol:
Er mwyn rhestri gwlad yn Bwletin Enwau Gwladol, rhaid naill ai fod
Mae'r rhestr o enwau sydd yng nghôd adran ystadegol y CU wedi ei seilio ar y Bwletin Enwau Gwladol ac adnoddau eraill y CU. Pan fydd enw gwlad neu diriogaeth yn ymddangos yn un o'r ddau adnodd yma, y byddant yn cael eu hychwanegu i ISO 3166-1 yn ddiofyn. Ebostiwch neu ysgrifennwch at Adran Ystadegol y CU, yn ei hannog i ychwanegu Cymru fel gwlad naill ai yn y Bwletin Enwau Gwladol, neu yn y Côdau Gwladol a Rhanbarthol ar gyfer defnydd ystadegol. Pwyswch ar y ddolen yma am fwy o wybodaeth ynglyn a rôl y Cenhedloedd Unedig o ran ISO 3166-1. Cyfeiriad:
Statistical Services Branch, Statistics Division Parth ail-lefel i GymruNominet UK (Rheolydd parth lefel uchaf côd wladol .uk )Mae Nominet UK yn gwmni di-elw, ac yn gofrestrydd ar gyfer enwau rhyngrwyd .uk. Mae rhai yn temlo mae'r ffordd gorau o sicrhau parth lefel uchaf i Gymru, ydy trwy sicrhau parth ail-lefel yng ngyd-destun .uk yn gyntaf e.e 'cymru.uk' neu 'wales.uk'. Cafodd cais ei wneud ym mis Mawrth 2001 gan (Scotnom Limited) i sefydlu scot.uk, ond gwrthodwyd y cais gan Nominet. Pwyswch ar y dolenni canlynol i weld gwybodaeth ynglyn a'r parthau ail-lefel sydd eisioes yn bodoli , ac am wybodaeth ynglyn a chreu parth ail-lefel newydd. Cyfeiriad: Nominet
UK, Sandford Gate, Sandy Lane West EURid (Rheolydd parth lefel uchaf - ccTLD - .eu) Mae'r Comisiwn Ewropeaidd wedi dewis EURid i reoli parthau lefel uchaf .eu. Rydym eisioes wedi cysylltu gyda Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru yn gofyn iddynt i flaen-gofrestru y parthau ail-lefel canlynol - 'cymru.eu' and 'wales.eu'. Y gobaith yw y bydd Llywodraeth y Cynulliad wedyn yn dilyn ein cyngor, ac yn derbyn cofrestriadau parth trydydd lefel gan fusnesau, cymdeithasau ac unigolion yng Nghymru megis www.busnes.cymru.eu. Rydym wedi cynghori'r cynulliad i wneud hyn er mwyn atal cwmniau preifat rhag cofrestru'r parthau yma, a'i gwerthu ymlaen i'r person sy'n cynnig y s?m mwyaf o arian. Byddai'r parthau ail-lefel yma yn ateb da tymor byr i fusnesau Cymreig nes ein bos yn sicrhau parth lefel uchaf i Gymru. Mae gwefan EURid yn nodi: "During the sunrise period for .eu, public bodies will be able to register their names and, if applicable, the name of the territory they govern." Nid oes dyddiad pendant wedi ei benodi ar hyn o bryd ar gyfer rhyddhau y parthau .eu, ond mae modd gweld amserlen EURid yma. Cyfeiriad:
EURid, C/O DNS BE, Koning Leopold I straat 1 bus 2, BE-3000 Leuven,
Belgium |
The Campaign
CC Top Level Domain for WalesThere are two ways of securing the creation of a country code top level domain for Wales on the Internet:
ICANN claim that they cannot appoint a ccTLD for Wales as Wales is not included in ISO 3166-1 (even though exceptions have been made in the past!) and the ISO will claim that they cannot Include Wales in ISO 3166-1 as Wales does not meet the criteria given by the UN of being an independent country. The truth of the matter is that these ar all excuses. If the UK Parliament were to ask ICANN today to assign a country code top level domain for Wales, it would be implemented tomorrow, but the good will isn't there!. We therefore need to fight a vigorous campaign on various fronts to make sure that a ccTLD is created for Wales on the Internet ICANN (Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers)The organisation which allocates Internet numbers to names is ICANN. They have the final say upon assigning a global top level two letter domain for Wales (ccTLD). They usually only grant this to fully independent countries that are already on the ISO3166 list of country codes, but Independence is not a prerequisite for getting a country domain, and there are many exceptions. As Wales is an obvious seperate entity to the rest of the UK, and with the advent of devolution (and further devolution on the way), we believe that Wales should be treated as an exception just like Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man. We should firstly, therefore, put direct pressure on ICANN to allocate a two letter top level domain for Wales, and suggest .cw. contact ICANN by email, or by using their contact details below. Address:
ICANN Marina del Rey, 4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 330, Marina del Rey,
CA 90292-6601, USA Address:
ICANN Belgium, 6 Rond Point Schuman, Bt. 5, Brussels B-1040 Belgium General Email:
icann@icann.org GovernmentICANN would look much more favourably on any application, if it had the support of the Government of the country applying. In our case that means the Welsh Assembly and the UK Parliament.The National Assembly of Wales The Welsh National Assembly doesn't have the necessary powers to force ICANN to implement a global top level domain for Wales, but it has the power of influence. Contact your local AM to ask him/her to support our campaign by contacting ICANN directly, and by putting pressure on the Assembly Government, the UK Government, the ISO and the BSI to support our campaign. Please click on the following link for the contact information of your Assembly Member. Website: http://www.wales.gov.uk The UK Parliament If the UK Parliament were to ask ICANN today to assign a global top level domain for Wales, it would be implemented tomorrow. Unfortunately getting the backing of the full UK Parliament is a very hard task, as they have been very sceptical in the past in Scotland's case. The first step, therefore, is to contact the 40 Welsh MP's to try and gain their support. Click on the following link to find the contact information for your MP. Website: http://www.direct.gov.uk ISO (International Organization for Standardization)The ISO is the International Body that deliberates on the two letter country suffices. If the ISO were to include Wales on their two letter country code list, Wales would have a very strong case to put before ICANN (The organisation which allocates Internet numbers to names). Send an email to the ISO 3166/MA Secretariat, or send a letter to them using the following address, asking them to include a Welsh two letter country suffix (cw for WALES) on their ISO3166 list of country codes. Address:
ISO Central Secretariat, International Organization for Standardization
(ISO), 1, rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20,
Switzerland BSI (British Standards Institute)Britain's (and hence Wales) representative on ISO is the British Standards Institute or BSI. Email or write to the BSI asking them to put pressure on the ISO to include a Welsh two letter country suffix (cw for WALES) on their ISO3166 list country codes. Address:
389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL, United Kingdom. The United Nations and the ISOThe ISO state that the only way to enter a new country name into ISO 3166-1 is to have it registered in one of the following two sources:
To be listed in the bulletin Country Names you must either be
The list of names in the code of the UN Statistics Division is based on the bulletin Country Names and other UN sources. Once a country name or territory name appears in either of these two sources, it will be added to ISO 3166-1 by default. Email or write to the UN Statistical Services Branch, asking them to include Wales as a Country either in the Bulletin Country Names, or in the Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use. Click on the following link for more information on the roles the UN play with regard to ISO 3166-1. Address:
Statistical Services Branch, Statistics Division Second Level Domain for WalesNominet UK (.uk country-code top level domain - ccTLD - manager)Nominet UK is a not-for-profit company, and is the registry for .uk internet names. Some believe that the best way of securing a top level country code domain for Wales, is by firstly applying for a second level domain within the .uk context i.e. 'cymru.uk' or 'wales.uk'. An application was made in March 2001 for the creation of scot.uk by a Scottish organisation (Scotnom Limited), but was turned down by Nominet. Press on the following links to view informtion on the second level domains that already exist, and information on the creation of new second level domains. Address: Nominet
UK, Sandford Gate, Sandy Lane West EURid (.eu top level domain - ccTLD - manager) EURid has been chosen by the European Commission to manage the .eu TLD. We have already contacted the Welsh Assembly Government asking them to pre-register the following second level domains - 'cymru.eu' and 'wales.eu'. The hope is that the Assembly Government will follow our advice, and accept third level domain registrations for these from Welsh business, associations, and individuals - i.e. www.business.wales.eu. We have given the Assembly this advice to stop private companies from buying these second level domains and selling them on to the highest bidder. These second level domains would also be a good short term solution for Welsh business, until we get a top level domain for Wales. EURid states: "During the sunrise period for .eu, public bodies will be able to register their names and, if applicable, the name of the territory they govern." There is no date set at the present time as to when .eu domains will become available, you may view their timetable here. Address:
EURid, C/O DNS BE, Koning Leopold I straat 1 bus 2, BE-3000 Leuven,
Belgium |
|
©
Ymgyrch .cw Campaign
|